Planting from seed is a gratifying process, but certain seeds require a longer growing period than the length of summer in your region for a successful garden. Seed starting inside gives you a jump on the growing season so your plants have enough time to mature and flower or produce fruit before the first frost. Follow this guide to learn how to start seeds indoors.

Choosing the Right Seeds

Before you start buying seeds, you'll need a growing plan. If you plan on growing perennials, first, determine your garden growing zone and learn which plants will thrive in your region — most annuals can be grown in any zone. Next, consider your garden's conditions. How large is your space, and how much room will those seeds require when they grow into mature plants? How much sun does your garden receive throughout the growing season? Most vegetables and many ornamental flowering plants need at least six hours of full sun daily. You'll also want to review the recommended growing directions for the specific seeds you have in mind. Certain crops don't transplant well and do best when sown directly. Keep these points in mind as you decide which varieties to buy for seed starting to help ensure a thriving garden.

Gathering What You Need to Start Seeds

You'll need a few items for success with seed starting:

• Growing containers: Seed starting trays, biodegradable fiber plant pots or other shallow containers with good drainage are all great options. If you reuse plastic pots or flats, be sure to clean them to avoid pests and diseases.
• Growing medium: A seed-starting mix that's light, fluffy and pH-balanced works best.
• Cover: A plastic humidity cover will help keep the plants and soil warm and provide constant moisture.
• Water tray: Place your containers in a waterproof tray, which allows you to add water from the bottom so the seeds aren't disturbed.
• Growing lamp: If you don't have enough access to sunlight indoors, a grow light can help provide the daily light your seedlings need to grow.
• Labels: It might seem trivial, but labeling your seedlings is critical so you can identify your plants when they're ready for transplant.

Deciding When to Start Seeds

Deciding when to start seeds indoors will depend on the seeds you select and your growing zone. Check the seed packets for "days to germinate" and how many weeks of growth each variety of seedlings needs before being transplanted to the garden. Then, count backward from your area's last frost date. You don't want to start too early, or your seedlings may grow weak and leggy.